Урок 2: Personal pronouns and present tense

👥 Personal pronouns in Hebrew

Singular:

• אֲנִי🔊 (ani) — I
• אַתָּה🔊 (ata) — you (m.)
• אַתְּ🔊 (at) — you (f.)
• הוּא🔊 (hu) — he
• הִיא🔊 (hi) — she

Plural:

• אֲנַחְנוּ🔊 (anakhnu) — we
• אַתֶּם🔊 (atem) — you (m.)
• אַתֶּן🔊 (aten) — you (f.)
• הֵם🔊 (hem) — they (m.)
• הֵן🔊 (hen) — they (f.)

🔧 Binyan Paal - present tense

Binyan Paal is the simplest and most common binyan (conjugation pattern).

Example verb לִכְתּוֹב (to write):🔊

Singular:

• אֲנִי כּוֹתֵב/כּוֹתֶבֶת🔊 — I write (m./f.)
• אַתָּה כּוֹתֵב🔊 — you write (m.)
• אַתְּ כּוֹתֶבֶת🔊 — you write (f.)
• הוּא כּוֹתֵב🔊 — he writes
• הִיא כּוֹתֶבֶת🔊 — she writes

Plural:

• אֲנַחְנוּ כּוֹתְבִים/כּוֹתְבוֹת🔊 — we write (m./f.)
• אַתֶּם כּוֹתְבִים🔊 — you write (m.)
• אַתֶּן כּוֹתְבוֹת🔊 — you write (f.)
• הֵם כּוֹתְבִים🔊 — they write (m.)
• הֵן כּוֹתְבוֹת🔊 — they write (f.)

❌ Negation:

לֹא🔊 + verb: אֲנִי לֹא כּוֹתֵב🔊 — I don't write

❓ Question:

Intonation or הַאִם🔊: הַאִם אַתָּה כּוֹתֵב?🔊 — Do you write?

🔤 Main verbs of Binyan Paal:

Daily actions:

• לִקְרוֹא🔊 (קוֹרֵא/קוֹרֵאת) — to read🔊
• לִכְתּוֹב🔊 (כּוֹתֵב/כּוֹתֶבֶת) — to write🔊
• לַעֲבוֹד🔊 (עוֹבֵד/עוֹבֶדֶת) — to work🔊
• לִלְמוֹד🔊 (לוֹמֵד/לוֹמֶדֶת) — to learn/study🔊
• לִשְׁמוֹר🔊 (שׁוֹמֵר/שׁוֹמֶרֶת) — to keep/observe🔊
• לָגוּר🔊 (גָּר/גָּרָה) — to live (reside)🔊

Understanding and knowing:

• לְהָבִין🔊 (מֵבִין/מְבִינָה) — to understand🔊
• לָדַעַת🔊 (יוֹדֵעַ/יוֹדַעַת) — to know🔊
• לִזְכּוֹר🔊 (זוֹכֵר/זוֹכֶרֶת) — to remember🔊

Movement:

• לָבוֹא🔊 (בָּא/בָּאָה) — to come🔊
• לָלֶכֶת🔊 (הוֹלֵךְ/הוֹלֶכֶת) — to go🔊
• לָשֶׁבֶת🔊 (יוֹשֵׁב/יוֹשֶׁבֶת) — to sit🔊

💡 Conjugation features:

1. Masculine — basic form

2. Feminine — usually adds ending ת-🔊

3. Plural masculine — ending ים-🔊

4. Plural feminine — ending וֹת-🔊

📖 Examples in context:

Basic sentences:

• אֲנִי לוֹמֵד עִבְרִית🔊 — I study Hebrew
• הִיא גָּרָה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל🔊 — She lives in Israel
• אֲנַחְנוּ אוֹהֲבִים לִקְרוֹא🔊 — We love to read
• הֵם עוֹבְדִים בַּמִּשְׂרָד🔊 — They work in the office

Questions:

• מָה אַתָּה עוֹשֶׂה?🔊 — What are you doing?
• אֵיפֹה הִיא גָּרָה?🔊 — Where does she live?
• הַאִם אַתֶּם מְבִינִים?🔊 — Do you understand?

Negations:

• אֲנִי לֹא יוֹדֵעַ🔊 — I don't know
• הוּא לֹא בָּא הַיּוֹם🔊 — He's not coming today
• אֲנַחְנוּ לֹא עוֹבְדִים בְּשַׁבָּת🔊 — We don't work on Saturday

✅ What to practice:

1. Master personal pronouns — all forms, singular and plural

2. Learn 10 basic verbs of Binyan Paal in present tense

3. Practice conjugation by gender and number

4. Build simple sentences with pronouns and verbs

5. Use negation with לֹא🔊

6. Ask questions with proper intonation

💪 The more you practice, the more natural Hebrew conjugation becomes!